Organs {gland, organ}| can secrete chemicals.
Glands {adrenal gland}| above kidneys can secrete adrenalin.
Small hypothalamus region {pituitary} {hypophysis}| regulates autonomic functions, including growth hormones.
Posterior pituitary has gland-like neuron regions {neurohypophysis}.
Glands {hypothalamus, gland} can secrete brain hormones.
Intestinal walls {gland, intestine} {intestinal wall gland} {intestine gland} can make secretin hormone for protein digestion and cholecystokinin hormone for fat digestion.
Female peritoneum glands {ovary, gland} can make female hormones and eggs. The 28-day female-hormone menstrual cycle has high estrogen for 21 days and high progesterone for 7 days, with estrogen increasing until day 12 after menstruation and then progesterone increasing until day 21. Egg ovulation is at day 14, when luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone peak.
A gland {pancreas gland} below stomach can affect digestion and blood sugars, by making insulin and glucagon.
Small glands {parathyroid gland}| on thyroid glands can make calcium-regulation hormones.
An epithalamus gland {pineal gland}| can control circadian rhythms. In most animals, pineal gland receives light from retina. In species with third eyes, pineal gland receives from third eye. Light on pineal gland releases melatonin into blood. Pineal N-acetyltransferases act like biological clocks. Pit vipers combine infrared system with other sense modes.
Pineal prevents pituitary from secreting gonadotrophic hormones. After pineal control relaxes, adolescence starts.
A male scrotum gland {testis, gland} can make male sexual hormones and sperm.
Throat glands {thymus gland}| can make antibodies in infants but have no adult function.
Throat glands {thyroid gland}| can make thyroxin hormone.
4-Zoology-Organ-Endocrine Gland
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Date Modified: 2022.0225